ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY

• Jurisdiction: Australia

Abbreviations

df	degrees of freedom
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
FST	Wright's Fixation Index
IBD	identical by descent
LR	Likelihood Ratio
NAFIS	National Automated Fingerprint Identification System
NRC	National Research Council
PCR	polymerase chain reaction
POI	person of interest
RFLP	restriction fragment length polymorphism
RFU	Relative fluorescence unit
RMNE	Random man not excluded
STR	short tandem repeat
?	co-ancestry coefficient

Glossary

allele - one of two or more different forms of a gene or DNA sequence at a genetic locus that can exist on different chromosomes

allele frequency - the number of occurrences of a particular allele among the profiles of individuals within a particular database

Bayes theorem - a mathematical formula used for calculating conditional probabilities. It figures prominently in Bayesian approaches to statistics

co-ancestry coefficient - see FST

concordance - an allele in an evidentiary sample that matches a corresponding allele in a person of interest's profile

confidence interval - an interval which is expected to include the unknown true value of a particular parameter, a specified proportion of the time

constrained model - a model that utilises peak height information and/or mixture proportion rules to exclude genotype combinations based on those that do not meet acceptable thresholds within mixed DNA profiles

cumulative density function - a statistical distribution that describes the area under the curve of a probability density function. It measures the probability of a particular variable

database - a list of DNA profiles obtained from a collection of individuals in a group or population

drop-in - a form of low level contamination that cannot be attributed to a specific source. Drop-in is not reproducible and is typically limited to one or two low level peaks.

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