Universal Music Publishing Pty Ltd v Palmer (No 2)

• Jurisdiction: Australia Federal only
• Judgment Date: 30 April 2021
• Neutral Citation: [2021] FCA 434
• Court: Federal Court
• Date: 30 April 2021

Federal Court of Australia

Universal Music Publishing Pty Ltd v Palmer (No 2) [2021] FCA 434

File number:	NSD 161 of 2019
Judgment of:	KATZMANN J
Date of judgment:	30 April 2021
Catchwords:	COPYRIGHT— Infringement — musical work and literary work constituted by a famous rock song used in multi-media advertisements for a political party in an election campaign — where no issue that each work was an original work and applicants were respectively licensor and owner of the copyright in each work, whether copyright in each was infringed by the use in the advertisements of a cover version of the chorus of the rock song — whether the parts that were taken were objectively similar — whether the impugned works were taken, copied or derived from the copyright works — whether a substantial part of the copyright works was reproduced — where the musical work shared a melodic contour with a well-known Christmas carol and other features that were typical of its genre, whether that part which was reproduced could be classed as substantial — whether the use of the song was “fair dealing for the purpose of parody or satire” within the meaning of s 41A of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) ; COPYRIGHT— Damages — where a licence would not have been issued, whether damages under s 115(2) may be awarded under the “user principle” — where infringer entered into negotiations with licence holder before engaging in infringing conduct but did not agree to its terms and where discovery incomplete, whether additional damages under s 115(4) should be paid and, if so, in what amount
Legislation:	Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) ss 10, 14, 21, 31, 36, 40, 41, 41A, 42, 103AA, 103B, 115, 116 Copyright Amendment Act 2006 (Cth) Evidence Act 1995 (Cth) s 140 Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 (Cth) s 23 Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth) s 126 Copyright (International Protection) Regulations 1969 (Cth) r 4(1) Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988(UK) s 30 ; International Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works concluded at Berne on 9 September 1886
Cases cited:	ACHOS Pty Ltd v Ucorp Pty Ltd (No 5) [2013] FCA 1006; 103 IPR 51 Aristocrat Technologies Australia Pty Ltd v DAP Services (Kempsey) Pty Ltd (in liq) (2007) 157 FCR 564 Attorney-General (UK) v Blake [2001] 1 AC 268 Australasian Performing Rights Association Ltd v Monster Communications Pty Ltd [2006] FCA 1806; 71 IPR 212 Autodesk Australia Pty Ltd v Cheung [1990] FCA 121; 94 ALR 472 Autodesk Inc v Yee (1996) 68 FCR 391 Autodesk, Inc. v Dynason (No 2) (1993) 176 CLR 300 Bailey v Namol Pty Limited (1994) 53 FCR 102 Beloff v Pressdram Ltd [1973] 1 All ER 241; [1973] RPC 765 Blayney v Clogau St David’s Gold Mines Ltd [2003] FSR 19 (CA) Boomerang Investments Pty Ltd v Padgett (Liability) [2020] FCA 535; 383 ALR 202; 155 IPR 196 Briginshaw v Briginshaw(1938) 60 CLR 336 Broome v Cassell & Co Ltd [1972] AC 1027 Bunnings Group Ltd v CHEP Australia Ltd (2011) 82 NSWLR 420 CAJ Amadio Constructions Pty Ltd v Kitchen (1991) 23 IPR 284 Campbell v Acuff-Rose Music, Inc.510 US 569 (1994) Channel Seven Sydney Pty Ltd v Mahomed[2010] NSWCA 335; 278 ALR 232 Columbia Pictures Industries Inc. v Luckins [1996] FCA 542; 34 IPR 504 Computer Edge Pty Ltd v Apple Computer Inc. (1986) 161 CLR 171 Data Access Corporation v Powerflex Services Pty Ltd(1999) 202 CLR 1 De Garis v Neville Jeffress Pidler Pty Limited (1990) 37 FCR 99 Designers Guild Ltd v Russell Williams (Textiles) Ltd [2000] 1 WLR 2416 Dixon Investments Pty Ltd v Hall ; [1990] FCA 477; 18 IPR 490 Eight Mile Style, LLC v New Zealand National Party [2017] NZHC 2603 Elwood Clothing Pty Ltd v Cotton On Clothing Pty Ltd(2008) 172 FCR 580 EMI Songs Australia Pty Ltd v Larrikin Music Publishing Pty Ltd (2011) 191 FCR 444 Facton Ltd v Fifai Fashions Pty Ltd (2012) 199 FCR 569 Flags 2000 Pty Ltd v Smith [2003] FCA 1067; 59 IPR 191 Force India Formula One Team Ltd v 1 Malaysia Racing Team Sdn Bhd [2012] EWHC 616;[2012] RPC 29 Force India Formula One Team Ltd v 1 Malaysia Racing Team SDN BHD [2013] EWCA Civ 780; [2013] RPC 947 Francis Day & Hunter Ltd v Bron[1963] Ch 587 Futuretronics.com.au Pty Ltd v Graphix Labels Pty Ltd (No 2) [2008] FCA 746; 76 IPR 763 G v H(1994) 181 CLR 387 Gaba Formwork Contractors Pty Ltd v Tuner Corporation Ltd (1991) 32 NSWLR 175 General Tire and Rubber Company v Firestone Tyre and Rubber Company Limited[1975] 2 All ER 173; [1975] 1 WLR 819 Geneva Laboratories Limited v Prestige Premium Deals Pty Ltd (No 5) [2017] FCA 63; 122 IPR 279 Gianoutsos v Glykis (2006) 65 NSWLR 539 Halal Certification Authority Pty Limited v Scadilone Pty Ltd [2014] FCA 614; 107 IPR 23 Henley Arch Pty Ltd v Lucky Homes Pty Ltd [2016] FCA 1217; 120 IPR 317 Hole v Bradbury (1879) 12 Ch D 886 Hubbard v Vosper [1972] 2 QB 84 IceTV Pty Ltd v Nine Network Australia Pty Ltd (2009) 239 CLR 458 InterfirmComparison (Australia) Pty Ltd v Law Society (NSW)(1975) 6 ALR 445 Interlego AG v Croner Trading Pty Ltd (1992) 39 FCR 348 Inverugie Investments Ltd v Hackett [1995] 1 WLR 713; [1995] 3 All ER 841 Ladbroke (Football) Ltd v William Hill (Football) Ltd[1964] 1 WLR 273; [1964] 1 All ER 465 Lamb v Cotogno (1987) 164 CLR 1 Laugh It Off Promotions CC v South African Breweries International (Finance) BV t/a Sabmark International [2005] ZACC 7; [2006] 1 SA 144 (CC) LED Builders Pty Ltd v Eagle Homes Pty Ltd [1999] FCA 584; 44 IPR 24 Lewis v The Australian Capital Territory [2020] HCA 26; (2020) 381 ALR 375 Luxottica Retail Australia Pty Ltd v Grant[2009] NSWSC 126; 81 IPR 26 Macmillan and Co Ltd v Cooper (1923) 93 LJPC 113 Marathon Asset Management LLP v Seddon[2017] EWHC 300 (Comm) McCrum v Eisner (1917) 87 LJ Ch 99 Mergenthaler Linotype Co v Intertype Ltd(1926) 43 RPC 381 Meters Ltd v Metropolitan Gas Meters Ltd(1911) 28 RPC 157 Microsoft Corporation v Goodview Electronics Pty Ltd [2000] FCA 1852; 49 IPR 578 Muddock v Blackwood (1898) 1 Ch 58 Neat Holdings Pty Ltd v Karajan Holdings Pty Ltd (1992) 110 CLR 445 Network Ten Pty Limited v TCN Channel Nine Pty Limited(2004) 218 CLR 273 Nominet UK v Diverse Internet Pty Ltd (No 2) [2005] FCA 1773; 68 IPR 131 Pacific Enterprises (Aust) Pty Ltd v Bernen Pty Ltd [2014] FCA 1372; 321 ALR 715; 109 IPR 481 Phillips v Homfray(1871) LR 6 Ch App 770 Pokémon Company International, Inc. v Redbubble Ltd [2017] FCA 1541; 351 ALR 676; 129 IPR 1 Polygram Pty Ltd v Golden Editions Pty Ltd (1997) 76 FCR 565 Prior v Lansdowne Press Pty Ltd (1975) 29 FLR 59 Pro Sieben AG v Carlton UK Television Ltd [1999] 1 WLR 605 Ravenscroft v Herbert and New English Library Limited [1980] RPC 193 Review Australia Pty Ltd v New Cover Group Pty Ltd[2008] FCA 1589; 29 IPR 236 Rosedale Associated Manufacturers Ltd v Airfix Products Ltd [1956] RPC 360 Sawkins v Hyperion Records Ltd[2005] EWCA Civ 565; [2005] 3 All ER 636; [2005] 1 WLR 3281 SH Hart and Co Pty Limited v Edwards Hot Water Systems...